Varieties and selection of yarns

Today on the market there are a huge number of yarn varieties with different properties and from different materials. It should be chosen taking into account not only visual characteristics, but also quality.

Yarn is a product of a weave of longitudinally and successively running threads, which, in turn, are composed of fibers. It can be obtained from both natural and chemical raw materials. Depending on the composition, it is customary to distinguish between homogeneous and mixed yarns. Homogeneous is obtained from fibers of one type, and mixed - from twisted threads of two or more varieties. If the raw material has been previously dyed, then the yarn is called mottled.

The material may differ in structure. Single yarn is produced on a spinning device from twisted monofilament, which cannot be separated without breaking in the longitudinal section. Spun yarn requires two or more single strands to be folded together without twisting.

Finally, two or more strands need to be stitched together to form a twisted yarn. It is customary to release material in two forms: skeins and bobbins, the former weighing 50 or 100 grams. The yarn in different skeins and bobbins may have different lengths and thicknesses.

On the yarn label, in addition to the manufacturer's brand, the composition is always indicated in percentage, as well as the length, weight and number. The last parameter is important for machine knitting. This material is used for the production of various kinds of clothing. You can knit from yarn by hand, helping yourself with knitting needles or crocheting, or on a special hand knitting machine.

There are several classifications of yarn. For example, it can be taken into account belonging to the seasons, that is, materials are summer, winter and all-season. The variability of shades of colored threads is not limited by anything: there are white, green, blue, red, pearl and other varieties of different shades... It is customary to allocate threads for hand and machine knitting, for embroidery and macrame. Carded yarn that does not undergo combing is suitable for knitting a hat or scarf, and light cotton for crocheting a swimsuit.

For knitting booties and other things intended for children, it is better to use a natural composition based on wool or cotton, and a composition containing synthetic additives is more recommended for sportswear. Pompom yarns are suitable for creating colorful rugs, shawls, fun scarves or decorative items. Coarse yarn makes it possible to make a blanket with bare hands, even without any tools. From the rope variety, you can weave a carpet, bedspread, napkin or bag. The sophisticated gradient material is suitable for knitting any kind of garment, however, working with a gradient is considered a rather difficult process.

The composition of the raw materials of the fibers underlying the yarn can be natural, synthetic or blended.

Natural knitting yarns are obtained from animal or plant materials. Wool fibers have the ability to retain heat and excellent hygroscopicity, and therefore often become the basis for creating warm clothes. If the label states that the yarn is pure wool, then we are talking about sheep wool. It lends itself well to coloring, does not wrinkle and stretches, but falls off rather quickly and becomes covered with pellets. It should also be mentioned that the products made from it require special care. Woolen yarn can have a flamme effect, that is, uneven thread thickness.

Fluffy, soft and durable mohair with the finest nap is obtained after combing out Angora goats. It is combined with other natural or synthetic threads to produce yarn. The knitting material requires careful handling, but it allows you to get very warm and beautiful long-haired clothes.

Cashmere obtained from the undercoat of a cashmere goat native to Tibet. The finest goat down is quite expensive and needs very careful care. For example, such a downy item cannot be washed either by hand or in a washing machine - it has to be dry-cleaned.

Angora rabbit fluff is required for the production of Angora wool. The composition also contains artificial materials, since the fluffy fibers themselves do not differ in elasticity. Despite the fact that angora turns out to be light and soft, it also has a number of disadvantages. We are talking about abrasion and the ability of "fluff" to cling to outerwear.

Fleece-derived yarn alpacaliving in Peru has unique properties. Wearing clothes made from it is comfortable at any temperature, from hot to cold. Durable and tactilely pleasant material does not wrinkle or pilling.

Besides, the canvas is of Peruvian origin and for allergy sufferers. Very comfortable to wear wool of a merino sheep, sheared only at the withers of a fine-wool animal. The fleece allows you to get a fairly elastic thread, suitable for making clothes that fit the figure beautifully. A plus is the ease of maintenance - merino wool can be washed by hand or in an automatic machine.

The highest quality varieties of camel wool are obtained from the animal Bactrian or young camels. The material has not only such basic characteristics as lightness and hygroscopicity, but also healing properties. It is also unique that the fibers of camel hair repel dust, relieve static stress, protect against electromagnetic effects and prevent hypothermia at the lowest temperatures.

Very often components of plant origin become the raw material for the material. The resulting varieties are characterized by lower cost, but no less attractive appearance and even greater wear resistance. To get yarn based on flax, you need to use a special spinning variety. The formed threads acquire softness, strength, breathability and ability to keep their shape. Both winter and summer clothes are made from flax, which are comfortable to wear at any temperature. The ability of the canvases to neutralize static electricity and act as an antiseptic should also be mentioned.

Of course, one cannot fail to mention silk. The finely twisted thread obtained from the caterpillar cocoon goes to production in a ready-made form. Silk-based yarn is very thin, smooth and hygroscopic. The material retains heat, does not wrinkle and does not become lumpy. Nevertheless, the raw materials for silk yarn are quite expensive, and therefore they are rarely used in their pure form and are usually mixed with cotton or woolen threads.

Durable cotton yarn is created on the basis of plant bolls. Despite the fact that the canvas "breathes", it deforms under the influence of sunlight or bacteria, shrinks and does not stretch.

Nettle yarn requires special raw materials: it can only include the so-called Chinese variety, which is widespread in South Asia. The advantages of the material include its durability and environmental friendliness, but the disadvantages are rigidity, poor ductility and quick crumpling. Environmentally friendly bamboo strands they are soft, hypoallergenic and antimicrobial. Excellent characteristics are demonstrated and hemp.

The synthetic variety is obtained from artificial fibers. For example, it could be acrylicthat looks like wool. Raw materials are used independently or supplemented with plant components. Soft, hypoallergenic items are very pleasant to wear, but build up static electricity and become lumpy. Elastic threads based on nylon usually used as an additive. In its pure form, this polyamide is suitable for the production of tights.

Yarn based on microfiber, that is, polyamide or polyester, is formed from the finest, but very strong fibers. The velvety surface and aesthetic appearance of the material make it suitable for a wide variety of garments. May be present in the composition of the material and lurex, representing a metallized filamentous additive. Synthetic yarn can be polyester and polypropylene, fur (imitating natural fur) and terry, which is based on 100% micropolyester.

The composition of the combined material contains two types of raw materials, sometimes there are more of them. For example, half-woolen yarn is obtained when acrylic and wool are taken in equal proportions. Combinations of linen and viscose, silk and wool, or even mohair, wool and acrylic are also possible. Any natural component can be combined with polyester, lurex and methanite. Mention should be made of the so-called summer wool, obtained from a mixture of the finest fibers of wool with viscose or silk.

The bulk variety is formed from 50% wool and 50% acrylic. Curly, she is curly, the variety is obtained by combining mohair, wool and high-volume acrylic. Stretch yarn, or just stretch, is the result of combining a natural base with lycra or elastane. Mixed compositions acquire greater strength, shrinkage resistance and wear resistance.

In the ranking of the best manufacturers of yarn for needlework, both domestic and foreign organizations can be found. For example, budget respondents get good reviews. brands "Troitskaya" and "Semenovskaya" originally from Russia. Manufacturing of material in Turkish production by Kartopu takes place taking into account all modern trends.

Products are also popular brands YarnArt and Alize, again, originally from Turkey. High-quality yarns are created by German Schachenmayr brandsupplying the market with commodities such as 100% combed and mercerized cotton. Good product creates Chinese brand COLOR CITY.

When purchasing yarn in a store, one should take into account not only the variety of colors and cost of the skein, but also the composition and a number of other characteristics. It is also important to remember that goods based on natural raw materials cannot be cheap in any way. We must not forget that 100% mohair does not exist - it is sold only in combination with synthetic fibers. It is better to touch the threads and even hold them a little in your hands, assessing the tactile sensations. For example, good quality wool is soft and loose, but it also prickles slightly.