999 gold

The gold mined at the deposits is never in a perfectly pure composition, without impurities of other inclusions. It is the quantitative indicator of the fraction of the precious metal in the alloy that is the criterion for establishing the sample. The higher the content of the main element - gold, the higher the indicator is assigned. The assigned fineness 999 indicates the highest gold content in the alloy with a minimum of foreign elements, which, accordingly, determines the value of the ingot.

In its pure form, gold is a rather soft metal, easily susceptible to mechanical damage. To preserve its noble properties in jewelry production, it is supplemented with various contents of stable elements called ligatures. Copper, silver, palladium, nickel, zinc, platinum are mainly added. The original gold is complemented by the properties of inclusions, it becomes immune to deformation and scratches.

To determine the quantitative composition of the ligature, the carat and metric systems are used. In different periods of history, systems for measuring gold in troy ounces and grams were used. So, 1/24 of the share of the noble metal contained in the alloy is 1 carat. The fineness of 999.9 in the metric system is the purest 24 carat gold.

Today in Russia it is precisely such a metric system that has been adopted. It shows the number of grams of precious metal per 1 kg of alloy. The fineness sets the amount of gold expressed in thousandths. The reciprocal of the sample is the amount of ligature.

Gold with a fineness of 999, as a noble metal, has various mechanical and physical properties due to its composition. Bank bullions of the highest standard look very bright, are distinguished by a rich yellow color, because the presence of impurities in them is minimal. Their manufacture is associated with the density index, as one of the most important characteristics in the gold mining industry in the manufacture of such ingots. This parameter is very high for gold, 19.32 g / cm3.

Good malleability and high ductility made it a versatile metal for jewelry production. The specific gravity makes it possible to make gold foil with an area of ​​1 sq. meter or make a narrow long wire. A mixture of metals with close values ​​of this indicator gives the highest quality of smelted ingots.

Gold turns into a liquid state when exposed to a melting point of the order of 1070 degrees Celsius. The boiling point is even higher at 2947 degrees. When heated, 999-carat gold behaves similarly to other samples. The color changes to light green, metal vapors will be yellow-green.

Besides, it should be noted the low hardness of the precious metal. In accordance with the internationally accepted Mohs scale, its indicator is 2.5-3.0 points.

The softness of gold makes it difficult to work with precious metals. Jewelers solve this problem by introducing various ligatures into the alloy, which change the characteristics at the output.

The physical properties of 999 gold and the smelting of ingots from it are reflected in the list of GOST requirements. Each ingot will weigh as much as the standard defines, the document regulates the maximum weight deviation rates. The ingot should not have cracks or inclusions of foreign elements. Each ingot is assigned a unique number, it is marked and registered with the Gokhran of Russia.

The precious metal is extracted from ore in placer deposits. Basically, this process is carried out by large enterprises or artels that have state accreditation and strictly comply with the norms of legislation in this area. The production process for obtaining gold with a fineness of 999 is called refining.

There are several mining methods:

• gold-bearing ore as a source of precious metal is first roasted, then zinc is added and gold is separated using sulfuric acid;
• during amalgamation, gold-bearing ore is crushed, sodium cyanide solution is introduced, which is then precipitated with zinc;
• The well-known and most low-tech sieving method is based on the use of differences in the specific gravity of the rock, but with this option there is a danger of too much metal loss.

Industrial refining consists of several rather complex operations.... Among the varieties of the process, one can distinguish: chemical, wet or dry refining, refining with nitrate, crafting, the use of iron sulfate and hydrochloric acid hydrazine, the electrolytic method.

999 gold is used today primarily in banking, jewelry and some industrial sectors.

Ingots of the highest standard are made for storage as gold and foreign exchange reserves in many countries. Due to the high ductility of the metal, melted small-sized ingots with individual markings are sealed in transparent cases, allowing them to remain in perfect condition for a long time.

Large banks can offer bars of various weights in pure form. Buying bullion is a fairly popular investment method for a long time. According to the analysis, the price of gold has only been growing for several years, so clients of financial institutions who have made a bet on investing in gold have a chance of a good increase in profitability in the long term.

Bars marked 999 weighing 1 kg or more are used by the world's central banks... Used to fill government funds, gold bars are refined exclusively from an element of high purity.

Fine gold not used too often by jewelers... The problem lies in the properties of the metal, which do not allow creating artistic jewelry of complex weaving or sophisticated design.

999 gold jewelry corresponds to the international standard of 24 carats. This immediately affects their price. Very expensive and rare jewelry creations can be deformed by even the smallest impact. Experts advise keeping such creations in wooden or metal boxes.

Besides, it is quite difficult to work with this kind of metal technically. Therefore, jewelers prefer to use precious metals of a lower standard 750 and 585 in the production of gold products, which give a durable material.

Quotations of prices for 999-carat gold are determined by fundamental economic factors and the form of acquisition of the precious metal. Financial analysts identify several trends that determine the cost of precious metals:

• dynamics of investment demand;
• the impact of state banks on price fluctuations;
• changes in the volume of gold mined around the world;
• the impact of demand from the jewelry industry and industry.

The generally accepted unit for measuring the mass of gold in the world is the troy ounce. Translated into grams, this is 31.1 grams per ounce. The cost of one gram for the last 3 years has been within 2300 rubles. This makes investing in bullion an excellent investment vehicle. The volume of gold mined for the production of the highest grade is limited, therefore the rarity determines the high market value. Commercial purchases make it possible to predict the demand for such gold to a certain extent.

The cost of a gram of precious metal depends on the dollar rate... A decline in currency quotes forces investors to look for more suitable investment routes and switch to gold, which stimulates the global price of the metal.

The Russian gold and foreign exchange market forms the dependence of the price for 999 fineness of gold on the weight of the bar. In addition, until recently, VAT was imposed on bullion from precious metals - their purchase from banks also increased the final purchase price. Therefore, a rather simple way out was the possibility of opening anonymized accounts.

And you can also buy gold coins... Most of them have an interesting design and even inlaid with jewelry stones. Such a coin, even after decades, will delight its owner not only with its beauty, but also with a solid increase in the collection value.

999 gold bars or coins should be handled with the utmost care. After all, the preservation of the presentation guarantees a high price for the return sale. This is no less important than the exclusivity of the circulation or the parameters of the ingot. The bank or other customer may not accept the gold product if it is chipped or scratched. In this case, the ingot or coin will be sold at the scrap price.

There are minor care features for metal with such markings. The basic rule is maintain the correct operation of the products... You need to store them in a case, protect them from any mechanical stress, never take with sharp objects, avoid pressure, polish, clean using special pastes. It is recommended to polish gold items with a small suede or cloth napkin. A more correct way of cleaning is to give the gold jewel to a jeweler for professional care.

Any gold product should not be taken with you to visit gyms, much less swimming pools. Chlorine can corrode metal.

The guarantee of a long service life of gold jewelry is a respect for them.... Indeed, over time, they become antiques, the value of which is only growing.

The video below presents life hacks for caring for gold jewelry.